國外礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)類防(fang)火(huo)(huo)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)已經(jing)有(you)(you)100多年(nian)的(de)(de)歷史了。二(er)十(shi)世紀六十(shi)年(nian)代出現了噴(pen)射無(wu)(wu)機纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)防(fang)火(huo)(huo)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，最早的(de)(de)噴(pen)射無(wu)(wu)機纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)防(fang)火(huo)(huo)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)主要采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)作原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。后來由于發(fa)現石(shi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)對人(ren)體有(you)(you)危(wei)害作用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，很多地(di)方已經(jing)明確規(gui)定(ding)限(xian)制使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)石(shi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)，人(ren)們便(bian)找(zhao)到(dao)了人(ren)造(zao)無(wu)(wu)機纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)作為(wei)石(shi)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)替代品(pin)。人(ren)造(zao)無(wu)(wu)機纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)有(you)(you)硅酸鋁棉(mian)(mian)(mian)、礦(kuang)(kuang)棉(mian)(mian)(mian)、巖棉(mian)(mian)(mian)和(he)玻璃棉(mian)(mian)(mian)等，它們都是礦(kuang)(kuang)石(shi)在(zai)高溫下熔化后，經(jing)噴(pen)絲成(cheng)(cheng)型而成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)。1972年(nian)，ASTM(美國材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)與試驗(yan)協會)制定(ding)了有(you)(you)關(guan)礦(kuang)(kuang)物(wu)纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)噴(pen)射技(ji)術(shu)及施(shi)工規(gui)范標(biao)準。在(zai)2000年(nian)修訂的(de)(de)ASTM標(biao)準中(zhong)，把這種材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)稱為(wei)SFRM(SprayedFire—ResistiveMaterial)，翻譯為(wei)噴(pen)射防(fang)火(huo)(huo)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，定(ding)義(yi)為(wei)噴(pen)射到(dao)基材(cai)(cai)上以提供(gong)對基材(cai)(cai)進行防(fang)火(huo)(huo)保護的(de)(de)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。它包(bao)括(kuo)噴(pen)射纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)類材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)和(he)噴(pen)射水(shui)泥類材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)。美國保險商實驗(yan)室(UL)與加拿大(da)保險商實驗(yan)室(ULC)出版的(de)(de)產(chan)品(pin)服(fu)務手冊中(zhong)，刊載(zai)有(you)(you)大(da)量不(bu)同形式的(de)(de)建筑結構(gou)，施(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)噴(pen)射無(wu)(wu)機纖(xian)(xian)(xian)維(wei)(wei)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)達到(dao)不(bu)同耐火(huo)(huo)極限(xian)的(de)(de)設計號，供(gong)設計、使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)者選用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)。